VITAMINS
Vitamins are complex organic compounds that must be present in the diet in very small quantities (micronutrients). Vitamins are essential nutrients since their synthesis cannot be carried out by the body in large enough quantities to cover the needs of the individual.
The discovery of vitamins is due to the identification of serious diseases associated with a lack of these compounds.
13 vitamins and 2 vitaminoids have been identified. The Structure and function of each of these vitamins is particular and non-transferable.
Classification
Vitamins are classified according to their degree of solubility (in water or hydrosoluble vitamins, in fats or liposoluble vitamins). This determines their mode of action, storage, elimination and toxicity.
1. Hydrosoluble vitamins: These are easily absorbed and eliminated from the body due to their limited storage capacity and thus deficiency is more likely to occur. However, their toxicity is virtually nil.
2. Liposoluble vitamins: